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i moved my email setup around a few times and google takeout is still the easiest option - you go to takeout.google.com, select mail, and it creates a downloadable backup in mbox format that most email clients can import. some people use third-party tools like imapSync or mailstore home if they want more control over what gets downloaded or how it's organized, but honestly takeout handles the bulk of it without the extra hassle. just make sure you have enough storage space since 17 years of emails can add up, and give the export process some time to complete if your account's really large.

Before you use Takeout, make sure you're not relying on mbox format being readable everywhere - lots of newer email clients want individual message files instead. Takeout works fine and it's free, but consider exporting to a format like PST (if you're going Microsoft) or at least keeping the mbox files in a tool that can convert them later. If you want something less technical, some email providers like ProtonMail or Fastmail have import tools that can pull your Gmail data directly without you needing to download a massive archive first, then you just migrate once you've tested the new setup. The nuclear option is just leaving your Gmail sitting there as a backup while you use the new provider - Google's not going to delete it unless you explicitly close the account, so there's no huge rush to get everything out in one perfect format.

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