Try disabling background app updates, that's often what causes this kind of problem after a major system update. Go to Settings > Apps > Show all apps, then check which ones have pending updates or are constantly running. I'm saying this because I had the exact same issue with my phone a few months ago - it would get hot whenever I didn't properly close background apps, and once I turned off unnecessary syncs, it became way more manageable.
One other thing: your battery might be degrading or the update might have a bug with your device's sensors. Before you freak out, check if it's heating up specifically with certain apps or if it's really happening everywhere. If it's just YouTube or games, it's probably an optimization issue. But if it's even in standby mode, then you really need to clear the system partition cache. You go into Recovery (turn off your phone, then press Power + Volume Down until you get the menu), select "Wipe cache partition" and that should help.
If it keeps happening after all that, honestly I'd say it's a bug specific to Android 15 on the Pixel 8, and then you either need to wait for a patch update or consider a factory reset. But 90% of the time, it's just an app acting up or sync services you didn't notice. Let me know if anything changes.