What you're seeing is completely real and you're not breaking anything, but there's an important detail the previous answer missed: local generators like Stable Diffusion use the GPU very differently than games do. A game distributes the load evenly between CPU, GPU, and memory, but these AI models absolutely hammer the GPU continuously without giving it a break, and that creates concentrated heat that's much more intense. With a VivoBook from three years ago, the cooling system simply isn't designed to handle that level of demand for extended periods.
The most important thing is to check whether your laptop shuts down on its own after a while or keeps running. If it throttles (automatically reduces processor power) or restarts, that's a sign it's already at its limit. Sustained overheating does shorten the lifespan of components, especially the battery. Online versions like Midjourney or the Stable Diffusion website are much safer for your machine because they offload all the work to remote servers.
If you want to use local generators without losing your mind, at least use something lighter than Stable Diffusion and never run long sessions. And here's the thing a lot of people overlook: make sure your laptop's air vents aren't clogged with dust. Sometimes the difference between a tolerable setup and an unbearable one is just cleaning that out. But for frequent AI work, honestly, the cloud is your best friend.