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Not quite like that - this isn't a new right, but a new payment system for sick leave that already existed! Self-employed people have always had the right to a sick leave certificate when ill, but before the payouts were minimal or there weren't any at all. Now the state has started paying benefits for the first days of illness from the budget, the amount depends on your income and how long you've been in the system, but overall it's still way less than what employed workers get. You don't need to sign up automatically - you get a sick leave certificate from your doctor in the usual way, then submit the documents to the Pension and Social Insurance Fund!

The main difference is that now payments come directly from the budget, rather than depending on the self-employed person's contributions - previously the amount was tiny because very little money was flowing into the system.

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