The tech sector definitely went wild with hiring during the pandemic boom when everyone thought remote work and digital services would keep exploding forever. Companies like Meta, Amazon, and others brought on massive teams expecting that growth to continue indefinitely. Then reality hit - advertising revenue flattened, people went back to offices, cloud spending didn't grow like they predicted, and suddenly they had way more people than they actually needed. So a lot of what we're seeing now is companies right-sizing after they massively over-hired.
Beyond just correcting past mistakes, there's also the fact that AI has startled the entire industry into rethinking how they operate. Companies are pushing hard on automation and trying to do more with fewer people, thinking AI will handle tasks that used to require whole teams. Whether that actually pans out is another question, but the mindset shift is real. Add in higher interest rates making venture capital scarcer, and startups that were burning through cash feel the squeeze too. Your friend's situation probably fits into that broader picture.
Here's something practical if you're worried about this stuff: start documenting what you actually do at your job - specific projects, tools you use, skills you've picked up. Not in a paranoid way, but having a clear record makes updating your resume or LinkedIn way easier when you need it fast, and it helps you see which skills are actually valuable to other companies. Most people wait until they're job hunting to think about this, and it's harder to remember what mattered six months ago. Keep a simple notes file and add to it whenever you finish something substantial. Makes the whole transition smoother if you ever need to move.