Do puppies really need all their vaccinations?

The core vaccinations (against distemper, parvovirus, and leptospirosis) are really necessary because these diseases can be life-threatening for puppies. Distemper and parvovirus are extremely contagious and often lead to death, especially in young dogs. Leptospirosis is also transmissible to humans, so vaccination makes sense. You should definitely go through with these three - that's the standard that every vet will recommend.

With the additional vaccinations it gets more nuanced. Rabies is mandatory in Germany once the puppy gets older, so yes - necessary. Kennel cough is optional and mainly makes sense if your dog will be around groups later (dog classes, training, boarding). If your puppy mostly stays at home, you don't really need it. Leishmaniasis or babesiosis are only relevant if you travel with the dog to Southern Europe. Talk to your vet about your puppy's lifestyle - not every dog needs every shot.

One important point: the core vaccinations only work well with the right schedule (usually four-week intervals), and the protection also depends on the puppy not being stressed or sick at the time. Some breeders give the puppy a first vaccination before handing it over, so you need to take that into account. Have your vet make an individual plan - they know the local situation and can help you avoid both over- and under-vaccinating.