Try completely uninstalling your graphics drivers and then reinstalling them fresh - don't just update them. Sometimes the old version leaves behind junk that causes conflicts. My display also flickered weirdly after a big Windows update, and reinstalling the driver fixed it. If you've got Intel graphics (which is often the case with the XPS 13), go straight to the Intel website and download the latest version from there, not through Device Manager.
If that doesn't work, check whether Windows changed any power settings for your GPU. Go to Settings > System > Display > Advanced display settings and look at the refresh rate - sometimes Windows sets it to something weird, which causes flickering on the XPS 13. If you can, try adjusting the frequency manually, or if needed, try lowering it to 48 or 50 Hz just to test.
And if nothing works: check your BIOS settings to see if something with the integrated GPU got messed with. Some updates mess with settings there too. If you're not comfortable with that and it seems complicated, I'd just load a system restore point from before September - sometimes that's the fastest solution.