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Your microbiome adapts pretty quickly to a new diet - within a week or two, the bacterial composition starts changing depending on what you eat, so sudden switches to completely different food sometimes cause discomfort. The connection with climate change is less obvious, but acclimation stress, changes in sleep and activity patterns indirectly affect your microbiome through your hormonal balance. The main thing is not to put your body through extreme diets and moves: transition to new foods gradually, eat more fiber and fermented products, and your microbiota will be more stable.
Climate changes work in a more complicated way than just switching up your diet. When you move to a different climate, it's not only what you eat that changes, but also the temperature, humidity, even the microbes in the environment around you - all of this affects how your gut gets colonized by new bacterial species. That's why adaptation can stretch out over months, especially if the climate is radically different. On top of that, the stress from acclimatization itself disrupts your microbiome, regardless of what you're eating.
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