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The core mathematics behind it is cryptography - specifically hash functions and digital signatures that ensure data can't be tampered with and that each block in the chain is linked to the previous one. With NFTs, a unique mathematical fingerprint (the hash) is created for each digital asset, making it immutable and proving ownership. Without these cryptographic methods, the whole system wouldn't work - you could forge transactions or duplicate digital objects.
If that sounds too abstract to you: pick a concrete example instead - like how Bitcoin works - rather than getting lost in theory, then you'll quickly realize that in the end it's just about every computer in the network being able to verify whether your transaction is real without needing a bank in between 🔐
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