The 30-second threshold is a pretty specific trigger - that usually points to something with video encoding or temp file handling rather than general storage issues. Since you've already wiped cache and reinstalled, the problem's probably deeper in how Android's handling the upload process itself.
Check your phone's actual free RAM while you're trying to upload. TikTok's encoder can be memory-hungry, especially on Android, and if your device is running low it'll just bail instead of queuing the task. Close background apps before attempting an upload - stuff like Chrome with multiple tabs, Spotify, maps, whatever you've got running. Also worth noting: some Android phones have aggressive battery optimization that throttles background processes, and TikTok's upload needs continuous background access. Look in Settings for Battery Optimization or Adaptive Battery and whitelist TikTok there. It's easy to miss because the app technically has permissions, but the OS is blocking its actual execution.
One thing the others haven't really highlighted - check if you're using internal storage vs SD card for the app's cache. Go to Settings > Apps > TikTok > Storage, and if there's an option to change where TikTok stores its temporary files, try moving it to internal storage only. Some Android versions get confused routing video temp files through external storage, especially on older devices. If you're on a really older phone (like 4-5 years old), the Android version itself might just struggle with larger video processing, but trying the RAM and battery optimization fixes first costs nothing.